第4章：完整的工具使用工作流程-Claude函数/工具调用教程

import wikipedia

def get_article(search_term):
    results = wikipedia.search(search_term)
    first_result = results[0]
    page = wikipedia.page(first_result, auto_suggest=False)
    return page.content
article = get_article("Superman")
print(article[:500]) # article is very long, so let's just print a preview

Superman is a superhero who appears in American comic books published by DC Comics. The character was created by writer Jerry Siegel and artist Joe Shuster, and debuted in the comic book Action Comics #1 (cover-dated June 1938 and published April 18, 1938). Superman has been adapted to a number of other media, which includes radio serials, novels, films, television shows, theater, and video games.
Superman was born on the fictional planet Krypton with the birth name of Kal-El. As a baby, his par

article = get_article("Zendaya")
print(article[:500]) # article is very long, so let's just print a preview
Zendaya Maree Stoermer Coleman (  zən-DAY-ə; born September 1, 1996) is an American actress and singer. She has received various accolades, including two Primetime Emmy Awards and a Golden Globe Award. Time magazine named her one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2022.
Born and raised in Oakland, California, Zendaya began her career as a child model and backup dancer. She made her television debut as Rocky Blue in the Disney Channel sitcom Shake It Up (2010–2013) and starred as 

article_search_tool = {
    "name": "get_article",
    "description": "A tool to retrieve an up to date Wikipedia article.",
    "input_schema": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
            "search_term": {
                "type": "string",
                "description": "The search term to find a wikipedia article by title"
            },
        },
        "required": ["search_term"]
    }
}

from anthropic import Anthropic
from dotenv import load_dotenv

load_dotenv()

client = Anthropic()

messages = [{"role": "user", "content": "who won the 2024 Masters Tournament?"}]

response = client.messages.create(
        model="claude-3-sonnet-20240229",
        messages=messages,
        max_tokens=1000,
        tools=[article_search_tool]
    )

response.content
[TextBlock(text='Okay, let me see if I can find information about the winner of the 2024 Masters Tournament on Wikipedia:', type='text'),
 ToolUseBlock(id='toolu_01CWuduGjgSRfsYJUNC2wxi7', input={'search_term': '2024 Masters Tournament'}, name='get_article', type='tool_use')]

messages.append({"role": "assistant", "content": response.content})
messages
[{'role': 'user', 'content': 'who won the 2024 Masters Tournament?'},
 {'role': 'assistant',
  'content': [TextBlock(text='Okay, let me see if I can find information about the winner of the 2024 Masters Tournament on Wikipedia:', type='text'),
   ToolUseBlock(id='toolu_01CWuduGjgSRfsYJUNC2wxi7', input={'search_term': '2024 Masters Tournament'}, name='get_article', type='tool_use')]}]
Next, we'll extract the specific tool and arguments that Claude wants to use:

# This is a simple, but brittle way of getting the tool use information
# We're simply taking the last block from Claude's response.
tool_use = response.content[-1]
tool_name = tool_use.name
tool_input = tool_use.input
print("Tool name: ", tool_name)
print("Tool input", tool_input)
Tool name:  get_article
Tool input {'search_term': '2024 Masters Tournament'}

if tool_name == "get_article":
search_term = tool_input["search_term"]
wiki_result = get_article(search_term)
print(f"在 Wikipedia 中搜索 {search_term}")
print("WIKIPEDIA 页面内容：")
print(wiki_result[:500]) #只打印一小部分文章，因为文章太长了

Searching Wikipedia for 2024 Masters Tournament
WIKIPEDIA PAGE CONTENT:
The 2024 Masters Tournament was the 88th edition of the Masters Tournament and the first of the men's four major golf championships held in 2024. The tournament was played from April 11–14 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia, United States. Scottie Scheffler won his second Masters and major, four strokes ahead of runner-up Ludvig Åberg, who was playing in his first major. Scheffler became the fourth-youngest two-time winner of the tournament and the second player, after Tiger Woods

{
  "role": "user",
  "content": [
    {
      "type": "tool_result",
      "tool_use_id": "toolu_01A09q90qw90lq917835lq9",
      "content": "The result of actually calling the tool goes here"
    }
  ]
}

tool_response = {
    "role": "user",
    "content": [
        {
        "type": "tool_result",
        "tool_use_id": tool_use.id,
        "content": wiki_result
        }
    ]
}

{'role': 'user',
 'content': [{'type': 'tool_result',
   'tool_use_id': 'toolu_01CWuduGjgSRfsYJUNC2wxi7',
   'content': "The 2024 Masters Tournament was the 88th edition of the Masters Tournament and the first of the men's four major golf championships held in 2024. The tournament was played from April 11–14 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia, United States. Scottie Scheffler won his second Masters and major,"}]}

follow_up_response = client.messages.create(
    model="claude-3-sonnet-20240229",
    messages=messages,
    max_tokens=1000,
    tools=[article_search_tool]
)
follow_up_response.content[0].text
"Based on the summary from Wikipedia, it appears that Scottie Scheffler won the 2024 Masters Tournament. He shot a final round 68 to finish at 11-under par, four shots ahead of runner-up Ludvig Åberg. This was Scheffler's second Masters title, having also won in 2022. So the key details are:\n\n2024 Masters Tournament Winner: Scottie Scheffler (-11)\nRunner-Up: Ludvig Åberg (-7)\n\nThe Wikipedia article provides a detailed recap of each round and how Scheffler was able to separate himself from the rest of the field over the final 18 holes to claim his second green jacket. Let me know if you need any other information from the summary!"

def answer_question(question):
    messages = [{"role": "user", "content": question}]

    response = client.messages.create(
        model="claude-3-sonnet-20240229",
        messages=messages,
        max_tokens=1000,
        tools=[article_search_tool]
    )
    
    if(response.stop_reason == "tool_use"):
        tool_use = response.content[-1]
        tool_name = tool_use.name
        tool_input = tool_use.input
        #Add Claude's tool use call to messages:
        messages.append({"role": "assistant", "content": response.content})

        if tool_name == "get_article":
            search_term = tool_input["search_term"]
            print(f"Claude wants to get an article for {search_term}")
            wiki_result = get_article(search_term) #get wikipedia article content
            #construct our tool_result message
            tool_response = {
                "role": "user",
                "content": [
                    {
                    "type": "tool_result",
                    "tool_use_id": tool_use.id,
                    "content": wiki_result
                    }
                ]
                }
            messages.append(tool_response)
            #respond back to Claude
            response = client.messages.create(
                model="claude-3-sonnet-20240229",
                messages=messages,
                max_tokens=1000,
                tools=[article_search_tool]
            )
            print("Claude's final answer:")
            print(response.content[0].text)

    else:
        print("Claude did not call our tool")
        print(response.content[0].text)

answer_question("Who won the 2024 F1 Australian Grand Prix")
Claude want to get an article for 2024 F1 Australian Grand Prix
Claude's Final Answer:

The key information from the Wikipedia article is:

Carlos Sainz Jr. of Ferrari won the 2024 Australian Grand Prix, with his teammate Charles Leclerc finishing second. Lando Norris of McLaren finished third. 

Max Verstappen of Red Bull Racing started on pole but retired early due to a brake failure, ending his streak of 9 consecutive wins.

The race set a new attendance record at Albert Park of 452,055 spectators over the weekend, making it the most attended sporting event ever in Melbourne.

answer_question("Who stars in the movie Challengers?")
Claude want to get an article for Challengers (2023 film)
Claude's Final Answer:
Based on the plot summary and cast details from Wikipedia, the main stars of the 2023 film Challengers are:

- Zendaya as Tashi Duncan
- Josh O'Connor as Patrick Zweig  
- Mike Faist as Art Donaldson

The film also features supporting roles by Darnell Appling, AJ Lister, Nada Despotovich, Naheem Garcia, and Hailey Gates.

So the three leads starring in the romantic sports drama Challengers are Zendaya, Josh O'Connor, and Mike Faist.

#Let's try an example that Claude should NOT need our tool to answer:
answer_question("Who wrote the book 'Life of Pi'")
Claude want to get an article for Life of Pi
Claude's Final Answer:
Based on the Wikipedia article retrieved, the book 'Life of Pi' was written by the Canadian author Yann Martel and published in 2001. It won the Man Booker Prize in 2002 and has sold over 10 million copies worldwide. The novel tells the story of an Indian boy named Pi Patel who survives for 227 days stranded on a lifeboat in the Pacific Ocean after a shipwreck, with a Bengal tiger named Richard Parker as his only companion.

system_prompt = """
    You will be asked a question by the user. 
    If answering the question requires data you were not trained on, you can use the get_article tool to get the contents of a recent wikipedia article about the topic. 
    If you can answer the question without needing to get more information, please do so. 
    Only call the tool when needed. 
    """

def answer_question(question):
    system_prompt = """
    You will be asked a question by the user. 
    If answering the question requires data you were not trained on, you can use the get_article tool to get the contents of a recent wikipedia article about the topic. 
    If you can answer the question without needing to get more information, please do so. 
    Only call the tool when needed. 
    """

    messages = [{"role": "user", "content": question}]

    response = client.messages.create(
        model="claude-3-sonnet-20240229",
        system=system_prompt, 
        messages=messages,
        max_tokens=1000,
        tools=[article_search_tool]
    )
    
    if(response.stop_reason == "tool_use"):
        tool_use = response.content[-1]
        tool_name = tool_use.name
        tool_input = tool_use.input
        #Add Claude's tool use call to messages:
        messages.append({"role": "assistant", "content": response.content})

        if tool_name == "get_article":
            search_term = tool_input["search_term"]
            print(f"Claude wants to get an article for {search_term}")
            wiki_result = get_article(search_term) #get wikipedia article content
            #construct our tool_result message
            tool_response = {
                "role": "user",
                "content": [
                    {
                    "type": "tool_result",
                    "tool_use_id": tool_use.id,
                    "content": wiki_result
                    }
                ]
                }
            messages.append(tool_response)
            #respond back to Claude
            response = client.messages.create(
                model="claude-3-sonnet-20240229",
                system=system_prompt, 
                messages=messages,
                max_tokens=1000,
                tools=[article_search_tool]
            )
            print("Claude's final answer:")
            print(response.content[0].text)

    else:
        print("Claude did not call our tool")
        print(response.content[0].text)

answer_question("Who wrote the book 'Life of Pi'")
Claude did not call our tool
The book 'Life of Pi' was written by the Canadian author Yann Martel. It was published in 2001 and went on to become an international bestseller. The novel blends elements of magical realism, adventure fiction and philosophical fiction. It tells the story of an Indian boy named Pi who survives for 227 days adrift in the Pacific Ocean after a shipwreck, in the company of a Bengal tiger named Richard Parker. The book won the Man Booker Prize in 2002 and was later adapted into an acclaimed film directed by Ang Lee in 2012.
It worked! Claude did not use our tool when it wasn't needed. Let's make sure it still works when answering questions that do require recent knowledge:

answer_question("Who wrote the score for the movie Challengers?")
Claude want to get an article for Challengers (film)
Claude's Final Answer:
Based on the Wikipedia article summary, the score for the film Challengers was composed by Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross. The relevant quote is:

"Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross composed the film's score, having previously worked with Guadagnino on 2022's Bones and All. Post-production was completed by April 2023."

So to answer your original question - the musical score for the 2024 film Challengers was written by the composer duo Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross.

prompt = f"""
    Answer the following question <question>Who wrote the movie Poor Things?</question>
    When you can answer the question, keep your answer as short as possible and enclose it in <answer> tags
    """

def answer_question(question):
    system_prompt = """
    You will be asked a question by the user. 
    If answering the question requires data you were not trained on, you can use the get_article tool to get the contents of a recent wikipedia article about the topic. 
    If you can answer the question without needing to get more information, please do so. 
    Only call the tool when needed. 
    """
    prompt = f"""
    Answer the following question <question>{question}</question>
    When you can answer the question, keep your answer as short as possible and enclose it in <answer> tags
    """
    messages = [{"role": "user", "content": prompt}]

    response = client.messages.create(
        model="claude-3-sonnet-20240229",
        system=system_prompt, 
        messages=messages,
        max_tokens=1000,
        tools=[article_search_tool]
    )
    
    if(response.stop_reason == "tool_use"):
        tool_use = response.content[-1]
        tool_name = tool_use.name
        tool_input = tool_use.input
        #Add Claude's tool use call to messages:
        messages.append({"role": "assistant", "content": response.content})

        if tool_name == "get_article":
            search_term = tool_input["search_term"]
            print(f"Claude wants to get an article for {search_term}")
            wiki_result = get_article(search_term) #get wikipedia article content
            #construct our tool_result message
            tool_response = {
                "role": "user",
                "content": [
                    {
                    "type": "tool_result",
                    "tool_use_id": tool_use.id,
                    "content": wiki_result
                    }
                ]
                }
            messages.append(tool_response)
            #respond back to Claude
            response = client.messages.create(
                model="claude-3-sonnet-20240229",
                system=system_prompt, 
                messages=messages,
                max_tokens=1000,
                tools=[article_search_tool]
            )
            print("Claude's final answer:")
            print(response.content[0].text)

    else:
        print("Claude did not call our tool")
        print(response.content[0].text)

answer_question("Who wrote the score for the movie Challengers?")

Claude want to get an article for Challengers (2023 film)
Claude's Final Answer:
<answer>The score for the movie Challengers was composed by Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross.</answer>

answer_question("How many legs does an octopus have?")
Claude did not call our tool
<answer>An octopus has 8 legs.</answer>