第2章：构建简单的多轮聊天机器人-ClaudeAPI基础入门教程

from dotenv import load_dotenv
from anthropic import Anthropic

#load environment variable
load_dotenv()

#automatically looks for an "ANTHROPIC_API_KEY" environment variable
client = Anthropic()

response = client.messages.create(
    model="claude-3-haiku-20240307",
    max_tokens=1000,
    messages=[
        {"role": "user", "content": "What flavors are used in Dr. Pepper?"}
    ]
)

print(response)
Message(id='msg_013wVsHLHRjuDM2WgvVJ8RNm', content=[ContentBlock(text='The exact flavor formula for Dr Pepper is a closely guarded trade secret, but here are some of the main flavors that are believed to be used:\n\n- Cherry - This is one of the most prominent flavors in Dr Pepper. The cherry flavor comes from the use of a type of cherry extract.\n\n- Prune - Dr Pepper contains a prune-like flavor which contributes to its unique profile.\n\n- Vanilla - Vanilla is another key component that helps round out the flavor.\n\n- Spices - Various spices like cinnamon, prune, and other aromatics are believed to be part of the blend.\n\n- Citrus - Flavors like orange, lemon, and prune add some citrus notes.\n\nThe exact combination of these and other secret ingredients is what gives Dr Pepper its signature taste that differentiates it from other cola or soda flavors. The complex blend of sweet, spicy, and tart notes is part of what makes Dr Pepper a unique and iconic soft drink flavor.', type='text')], model='claude-3-haiku-20240307', role='assistant', stop_reason='end_turn', stop_sequence=None, type='message', usage=Usage(input_tokens=18, output_tokens=225))
Let's take a closer look at this bit:

messages=[
        {"role": "user", "content": "What flavors are used in Dr. Pepper?"}
    ]

response = client.messages.create(
    model="claude-3-haiku-20240307",
    max_tokens=1000,
    messages=[
        {"role": "user", "content": "Translate hello to French. Respond with a single word"}
    ]
)

response
Message(id='msg_01SuDqJSTJaRpkDmHGrbfxCt', content=[ContentBlock(text='Bonjour.', type='text')], model='claude-3-haiku-20240307', role='assistant', stop_reason='end_turn', stop_sequence=None, type='message', usage=Usage(input_tokens=19, output_tokens=8))

translate("hello", "Spanish")
# 'The word "hello" translated into Spanish is: Hola'

translate("chicken", "Italian")
# 'The Italian word for "chicken" is: pollo'
Bonus points if you can write a prompt so that Claude only responds with the translated word and no preamble, like this:

translate("chicken", "Italian")
# 'pollo'
View exercise solution
Here's one possible solution:

def translate(word, language):
  response = client.messages.create(
      model="claude-3-opus-20240229",
      max_tokens=1000,
      messages=[
          {"role": "user", "content": f"Translate the word {word} into {language}.  Only respond with the translated word, nothing else"}
      ]
  )
  return response.content[0].text

response = client.messages.create(
    model="claude-3-haiku-20240307",
    max_tokens=1000,
    messages=[
        {"role": "assistant", "content": "Hello there!"}
    ]
)
print(response.content[0].text)

BadRequestError: Error code: 400 - {'type': 'error', 'error': {'type': 'invalid_request_error', 'message': 'messages: first message must use the "user" role'}}

response = client.messages.create(
    model="claude-3-haiku-20240307",
    max_tokens=1000,
    messages=[
        {"role": "user", "content": "Hey there!"},
        {"role": "assistant", "content": "Hi there!"},
        {"role": "assistant", "content": "How can I help you??"}
    ]
)
print(response.content[0].text)
BadRequestError: Error code: 400 - {'type': 'error', 'error': {'type': 'invalid_request_error', 'message': 'messages: roles must alternate between "user" and "assistant", but found multiple "assistant" roles in a row'}}

response = client.messages.create(
    model="claude-3-haiku-20240307",
    max_tokens=500,
    messages=[
        {"role": "user", "content": f"Generate a beautiful haiku"},
        {"role": "assistant", "content": "calming mountain air"}
    ]
)
print(response.content[0].text)
dancing sunlight on still waters,
nature's gentle grace.

print("calming mountain air" + response.content[0].text)
calming mountain air,
dancing sunlight on still waters,
nature's gentle grace.

response = client.messages.create(
    model="claude-3-haiku-20240307",
    max_tokens=500,
    messages=[
        {"role": "user", "content": f"Analyze the sentiment in this tweet: Just tried the new spicy pickles from @PickleCo, and my taste buds are doing a happy dance! 🌶️🥒 #pickleslove #spicyfood"},
    ]
)
print(response.content[0].text)
The sentiment in this tweet is overwhelmingly positive. The user expresses their enjoyment of the new spicy pickles from @PickleCo, using enthusiastic language and emojis to convey their delight.

Positive indicators:
1. "My taste buds are doing a happy dance!" - This phrase indicates that the user is extremely pleased with the taste of the pickles, to the point of eliciting a joyful physical response.

2. Emojis - The use of the hot pepper 🌶️ and cucumber 🥒 emojis further emphasizes the user's excitement about the spicy pickles.

3. Hashtags - The inclusion of #pickleslove and #spicyfood hashtags suggests that the user has a strong affinity for pickles and spicy food, and the new product aligns perfectly with their preferences.

4. Exclamation mark - The exclamation mark at the end of the first sentence adds emphasis to the user's positive experience.

Overall, the tweet conveys a strong sense of satisfaction, excitement, and enjoyment related to trying the new spicy pickles from @PickleCo.

response = client.messages.create(
    model="claude-3-haiku-20240307",
    max_tokens=500,
    messages=[
        {"role": "user", "content": "Unpopular opinion: Pickles are disgusting. Don't @ me"},
        {"role": "assistant", "content": "NEGATIVE"},
        {"role": "user", "content": "I think my love for pickles might be getting out of hand. I just bought a pickle-shaped pool float"},
        {"role": "assistant", "content": "POSITIVE"},
        {"role": "user", "content": "Seriously why would anyone ever eat a pickle?  Those things are nasty!"},
        {"role": "assistant", "content": "NEGATIVE"},
        {"role": "user", "content": "Just tried the new spicy pickles from @PickleCo, and my taste buds are doing a happy dance! 🌶️🥒 #pickleslove #spicyfood"},
    ]
)
print(response.content[0].text)
POSITIVE

conversation_history = []

while True:
    user_input = input("User: ")
    
    if user_input.lower() == "quit":
        print("Conversation ended.")
        break
    
    conversation_history.append({"role": "user", "content": user_input})

    response = client.messages.create(
        model="claude-3-haiku-20240307",
        messages=conversation_history,
        max_tokens=500
    )

    assistant_response = response.content[0].text
    print(f"Assistant: {assistant_response}")
    conversation_history.append({"role": "assistant", "content": assistant_response})